Booth Id:
PHYS003
Category:
Physics and Astronomy
Year:
2024
Finalist Names:
Volpi, Paola (School: Colegio Dante Alighieri)
Abstract:
With the constant advancement of science and technology, particularly in astronomy,
more effective resources have been developed for understanding the Universe. In 2015,
the first observation of gravitational waves took place, leading to the Nobel Prize in
Physics in 2017. Subsequently, in 2019, we witnessed the first photograph of a black
hole, marking a historic milestone for humanity. In this scenario, the study of the optical
properties of black holes becomes relevant. Photon spheres are regions around black holes
where the trajectory of light is closed. They are crucial for scientific development, as
their identification extracts numerous properties of a black hole, contributing to a better
understanding of the Universe. This project investigates observational evidence of highdimensional Schwarzschild-de Sitter (SdS) black holes, usually called high-dimensional
signatures. To perform this task, we studied some basic concepts of general relativity
and, using the geodesic equation, systematized lemmas, and theorems concerning photon
spheres and gravitational redshift. Such results were applied to two different types of black
holes, four-dimensional and five-dimensional Schwarzschild-de Sitter. We performed the
validation of the four-dimensional case with the literature and, then, we compared the
results between the two types of black holes, four and five-dimensional SdS. This work
suggests that there is observational evidence of high dimensionality to these kinds of black
holes and they are closely related to their photon spheres, shadows, and gravitational
redshift profile.