Booth Id:
ETSD021
Category:
Engineering Technology: Statics & Dynamics
Year:
2025
Finalist Names:
Taylor, Cooper (School: Greenwich Country Day School)
Abstract:
Drones are widely used in military and civilian applications, with VTOL (Vertical Takeoff and Landing) drones combining the vertical lift capability of helicopters with the horizontal cruising efficiency of fixed-wing aircraft. However, conventional VTOL drones face energy inefficiency, high production costs, and stability challenges during transition phases. This research presents a newly developed VTOL drone featuring a novel tilt mechanism that allows the same motors to function for both vertical lift and horizontal cruising, eliminating redundant components and significantly improving energy efficiency. Additionally, a fully modular design enhances adaptability, durability, and ease of maintenance. The prototype, weighing approximately 2.6 kg, was constructed at one-fifth the lowest cost of comparable conventional VTOL drones.
A review of peer-reviewed literature as of January 2025 indicates that no previously documented VTOL drone has implemented this tilt mechanism, let alone one that integrates both a modular design and an adaptive tilt system. Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) simulations validate aerodynamic efficiency, with an optimal cruise speed of 72 km/hr, balancing lift and drag for extended endurance. This speed is comparable to fixed-wing drones while being significantly faster than multicopter drones. CFD calculations estimate a flight time of 105 minutes, aligning with the endurance of comparable fixed-wing drones.
Future advancements will incorporate AI-driven autonomous flight capabilities to enhance real-time decision-making and operational efficiency. This research sets a new benchmark in VTOL drone technology by improving propulsion efficiency, cost-effectiveness, and modular adaptability, paving the way for broader real-world applications.
Awards Won: