Booth Id:
ETSD043
Category:
Engineering Technology: Statics & Dynamics
Year:
2023
Finalist Names:
Qanash, Leen (School: Jeddah Gifted School)
Abstract:
Fossil fuels are the main source of energy, but they release CO2, which is the leading cause of global warming. Ammonia (NH3) and hydrogen (H2) are two of the best candidates to replace fossil fuels and help the transition to net-zero CO2 emissions. Previous studies show that NH3 is an efficient energy carrier and can be produced from many renewable resources, but it has a long ignition delay time (IDT), low laminar flame speed (LFS), and high nitrogen oxide (NOx) emissions. On the other hand, H2 has short IDT, high LFS, and low NOx emissions. In this study, chemical kinetic simulations were conducted using Ansys Chemkin Pro software under gas turbine conditions to find the optimal mixture by matching the IDT, LFS, and NOx emissions of NH3/H2 mixtures with methane (CH4). The result of this study suggested that the IDT of 100% CH4 is similar to an 80% NH3/ 20% H2 mixture at low temperatures and 100% NH3 at high temperatures. Additionally, the NOx emissions of NH3/ H2 mixtures at low temperatures are minimal at equivalence ratios equal to or less than 1.1. Moreover, the simulation results suggest that under lean conditions, LFS of 80% H2/ 20% NH3 has a similar trend as 100% CH4. In conclusion, the ratio of NH3/H2 mixtures can be varied to have similar thermodynamic and combustion characteristics as 100% CH4 for specific conditions. These ratios can be tested experimentally to confirm these properties and their use at an industrial scale.